Réadaptation cognitive de la mémoire de travail chez l’enfant

[Anonyme]

Salut Christine,

j’ai fait une rencension sommaire des écrits il y a quelques mois sur la question de la remédiation cognitive (dans mon cas, c’était pour une formation sur le TDAH).

Je pourrais te revenir avec ce qui ressortait…genre, ma slide de la formation

Christine Rosa

Membre

11 mai 2014 à 21 h 43 min

Oui ça m’intéresserait. Merci!

[Christine Rosa]

Oui ça m’intéresserait. Merci!

[Julie Brosseau]

Bonjour,

 

j’aimerais également y avoir accès si possible. Je travaille en adulte, mais le sujet m’intéresse.

 

Merci.

[Tamara Bachelet]

Bonjour Corinne,

je serais également intéressée par ton recensement si tu acceptes de le partager!

Merci beaucoup!

[Anonyme]

Je m’excuse.. j’ai encore oublié.

Je vous l’envoie la semaine prochaine!

[Anonyme]

Ok, donc voici mon humble résumé… il était plus complet dans mon souvenir! Quelques études récentes sur l’efficacité de l’entrainement cognitif et du neurofeedback (traduction libre)…

“l’entrainement neuropsychologique peut être efficace à réduire certains déficits spécifiques du TDAH.”

“Le bénéfice rapporté [par le neurofeedback] dans les études randomisées n’a pas été observé dans les quelques études à l’aveugle.”

“le neurofeedback peut actuellement être considéré “probablement efficace”.”

“Les auteurs concluent que les programmes d’entrainement de la mémoire de travail produisent des effets spécifiques à court-terme, mais que ceux-ci ne sont pas généralisés dans d’autres tâches.”

“les études n’ont pas réussi à démontrer une généralisation sur des mesures critiques (ex.: comportement en classe) et ont amené des preuves limitées – bien qu’en augmentation – d’amélioration fonctionnelle significative du comportement.”

Réf.: Amonn et al 2013; Lofthouse et Arnold, 2012; Lofthouse et al 2012; Melby-Lervag & Hulme, 2013; Rutledge et al 2012

[Christine Rosa]

Merci Corinne! Mais est-ce que tu avais lu essentiellement sur le neurofeedback ou il y a aussi de l’entraînement cognitif de la mémoire de travail?

[Anonyme]

J’avais tout mis ensemble… d’où l’extrait qui traite spécifiquement de l’entraînement de la mémoire de travail parmi le reste.

 

C’était vraiment dans une perspective de survoler les traitements alternatifs pour les atteintes associées au TDAH.

[Anonyme]

Je viens d’identifier c’est laquelle de mess références qui traitait spécifiquement de l’entraînement de la mémoire de travail. C’est une méta-analyse de 23 études. Je te copie-colle la référence complète et le résumé:

 

Dev Psychol. 2013 Feb;49(2):270-91. doi: 10.1037/a0028228. Epub 2012 May 21.

Is working memory training effective? A meta-analytic review.

Melby-Lervåg M¹, Hulme C.

Author information

Abstract

It has been suggested that working memory training programs are effective both as treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other cognitive disorders in children and as a tool to improve cognitive ability and scholastic attainment in typically developing children and adults. However, effects across studies appear to be variable, and a systematic meta-analytic review was undertaken. To be included in the review, studies had to be randomized controlled trials or quasi-experiments without randomization, have a treatment, and have either a treated group or an untreated control group. Twenty-three studies with 30 group comparisons met the criteria for inclusion. The studies included involved clinical samples and samples of typically developing children and adults. Meta-analyses indicated that the programs produced reliable short-term improvements in working memory skills. For verbal working memory, these near-transfer effects were not sustained at follow-up, whereas for visuospatial working memory, limited evidence suggested that such effects might be maintained. More importantly, there was no convincing evidence of the generalization of working memory training to other skills (nonverbal and verbal ability, inhibitory processes in attention, word decoding, and arithmetic). The authors conclude that memory training programs appear to produce short-term, specific training effects that do not generalize. Possible limitations of the review (including age differences in the samples and the variety of different clinical conditions included) are noted. However, current findings cast doubt on both the clinical relevance of working memory training programs and their utility as methods of enhancing cognitive functioning in typically developing children and healthy adults.

[Christine Rosa]

Merci, j’ai commandé cet article justement aujourd’hui et aussi plusieurs autres sur la réadaptation cognitive chez les enfants. Je pourrai peut-être vous faire part de mes conclusions quand j’aurai terminé ma lecture. D’emblée, en lisant les abstracts, j’ ai l’impression que peu d’études on vu des effets de généralisation suite à l’entraînement cognitif.

[Frédérique Escudier]

Je viens de tomber par hasard sur un programme de réadaptation de la mémoire de travail vendue par Pearson : Cogmed Working Memory Training.

Présentation du programme dans l’article de Shipstead : “The present article focuses on Pearson’s Cogmed WM training, which is at the forefront of this industry. Cogmed is not a simple internet-based training program, but is actively marketed to parents and to school systems as a remedy for underachievement (Cogmed, 2011h and Pearson, 2011). Cogmed is also available in clinical practices as therapy for ADHD (cf. Klingberg et al., 2005 and Klingberg et al., 2002), stroke-related brain damage (cf. Westerberg et al., 2007), and a host of other maladies (Cogmed, 2011c and Cogmed, 2011g). Cogmed’s website is neither shy about proclaiming the “evidence based” nature of their product, nor about touting the numerous studies that have employed their product. Indeed, the latter half of this statement is valid. To our knowledge, the number of studies that have trained people using Cogmed software (Table 1) far exceeds those associated with any other commercial WM training program. Moreover, the vast majority of Cogmed studies have been conducted by researchers who have no ties to the company, and thus no incentive for arriving at a particular conclusion. Thus, Cogmed provides an ideal case study for examining the efficacy of commercial working memory training.“

 

 

2 articles sur ce programme :

Cogmed working memory training: Does the evidence support the claims? (2012, Zach Shipstead, Kenny L. Hicks, Randall W. Engle)

Conclusion : At present we are not convinced that Cogmed provides effective training of WM or associated abilities. Although we and others have expressed doubt about the general state of WM training (Melby-Lervåg and Hulme, 2012, Morrison and Chein, 2011, Redick et al., 2012 and Shipstead et al., 2012b), we do not rule out the possibility that WM training could be made effective. The largest issue seems to be that, while there is logic to WM training (increase WM and improve related abilities), this literature is still struggling to find a theory. Specifically, it is important that research move beyond the desire to show that broad change can be realized through a month of training on a limited set of tasks.

 

Current evidence does not support the claims made for CogMed working memory training (2012, Charles Hulme, Monica Melby-Lervag).

Conclusion : Shipstead et al. (2012) have argued convincingly that there is no good evidence that the CogMed WM training programme is effective, particularly in relation to its key claims as a treatment for ADHD and as a means of increasing IQ scores in populations “constrained by WM deficits”. We agree with this conclusion and have presented further meta-analytic evidence to support it.